Dementia is Marked b Memory Disorders, Character Changes,...

Dementia is a continual or persistent disorder of the mental processes caused by brain disease or damage marked by memory disorders, character changes, and impaired reasoning. Dementia is not its own specific disease; it is a term in general that is used to describe various symptoms. There are two more common forms of dementia in the elderly which are vascular dementia and Alzheimer’s disease. â€Å"An analysis of the most recent census estimates that 4.7 million people aged 65 years or older in the US were living with Alzheimers disease in 2010†. (http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/142214.php) Although dementia is a disease usually among the elderly, it may occur at any age. All forms of dementia are caused by death of brain cells.†¦show more content†¦They will also find it hard to understand others, and will slowly lose their words or repeat themselves. They may also lose mobility, gain eating and weight loss disorders, and gain problems with contine nce, the ability to control bladder or bowel movements. These actions from the patient may cause problems when trying to be administered medications. Being that the patients may gain eating disorders or lack eating of can certainly change how the prescribed medications affect their bodies. Those close to the affected individual should continue treating the person as normal as possible to a certain extent. When speaking to a dementia patient they should speak normal even if they are not aware that the person fully understands. This method is used to protect their self-esteem. If the disease affects the people close to the patient in a negative way there are options such as nursing homes, hospices, hospitals etc. The life expectancy of a person with dementia is unpredictable, and the disease can progress for up to around 10 years. (http://www.alzheimers.org.uk/site/scripts/documents_info.php?documentID=101) Although dementia its self is a life shortening disease, effects of the illness such as pneumonia, seizures or heart attacks are usually the cause of death. The person’s ability to deal with physical problems becomes impaired due to growth of the illness. The deaths are usually caused by factors completely unlinked toShow MoreRelated_x000C_Introduction to Statistics and Data Analysis355457 Words   |  1422 PagesIndependent Samples (Optional) 16-1 16.2 Distribution-Free Procedures for Inferences About a Difference Between Two Population or Treatment Means Using Paired Samples 16-10 16.3 Distribution-Free ANOVA 16-23 Appendix A: Statistical Tables 813 Appendix B: References 833 Answers to Selected Odd-Numbered Exercises 835 Index I-1 Sections and/or chapter numbers in color can be found at www.thomsonedu.com/statistics/peck Preface I n a nutshell, statistics is about understanding the role thatRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pages978-0-13-612100-8 1. Management—-Study and teaching. 2. Management—Problems, exercises, etc. Kim S. II. Title. HD30.4.W46 2011 658.40071 173—dc22 I. Cameron, 2009040522 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 ISBN 10: 0-13-612100-4 ISBN 13: 978-0-13-612100-8 B R I E F TA B L E O F C O N T E N T S Preface xvii Introduction 1 PART I 1 2 3 PERSONAL SKILLS 44 Developing Self-Awareness 45 Managing Personal Stress 105 Solving Problems Analytically and Creatively 167 PART II 4 5 6 7 INTERPERSONAL

China Social Structure - 2698 Words

Essay Title: â€Å"Social Stratification and Class Structure in post-reform China† Class Module Code: CH3004 Student Name: Ross Fehily Student Number: 107621124 Submission Date: 8 December Word Count: This essay will focus in on and look at contemporary China’s social stratification and social class make up and structure during the post reform era, (post 1978) and what affects it has on today’s social make up. It will outline the different class’s that make up contemporary China’s social structure and give a detailed outlook and perspective on each class, and show what change they have undergone since the opening of China’s economy in the late 1970’s and introduction to a market based economy. The greatest outcome will†¦show more content†¦(Li Yi, China Startifictaion, p.105). Many rural inhabitants, after the reform era had taken jobs in cities, albeit as a floating population, due to the strictness of the hukou household registration system most rural registered workers in cities today don’t enjoy the benefits of their urban registered counterparts, of housing, health care and schooling for their children. Most rural are as are also responsible for development of their own areas, with little support from the government, taxes and fees remain high in proportion in the countryside, as is the cost and low opportunities of schooling and further education. (Li Yi China Stratification p.192)Peasants also missed out largely in China’s great economic boom during the 1990’s and early 2000’s, with China’s economic annual growth an average of 9% in recent years, peasant income has increased, but rather in some cases decreased (Li Yi China Stratification p.219). Peasants are in a sense stuck within their boundaries due to the Household Registration System, or hukou. This social â€Å"apartheid† has created a massive imbalance between the coastal urban areas and the mainly rural western half of China. Urban household registered hukou holders had much of the states benefits in housing, education healthcare and employment ( Fei Ling Wang, Chinese Society, Change, conflict and re sistance, (New York, Routledge,Show MoreRelatedChina s Political And Social Structures1015 Words   |  5 PagesChina is the fastest emerging political power in the world, a power that in a short amount of time turned from a third-rate industrial nation with lots of raw potential, to the second largest economy and one of the largest militaries in the world. But is China’s political and social structures unique? Certainly, the Chinese system possesses certain aspects similar to what already exists in other modern nation-states and their governments, however, it is how these pieces coelute together into a coherentRead MoreHow Did Location Affect The Success Of The Mesopotamian Civilization?1351 Words   |  6 Pagesanimals, and have a better relationship with the environment. Growing their own crops, the people were able to have more control over their land and live closer together. Chapter 2 Level 3 Q: In what ways can social structures impact society over effectiveness and well-being? Social structures can impact society over effectiveness and well being by having the community closer together and being able to cooperate well. For example, the caste system in India includes the â€Å"untouchables,† which is aRead MoreThe Swerve Vs. World Civilizations And Ideas1566 Words   |  7 PagesCivilizations and ideas Stephen Greenblatt introduces several different themes through out his writing in The Swerve. Making it helpful in understanding the ancient worlds civilizations. While Greenblatt narrates the events of Poggio Bracciolini the themes of social hierarchies, nature/culture, and gender are brought up to various times through out the story. These themes reveal parallels and similarities with the ancient world. This essay argues the similarities and differences in which the swerve and ancientRead MoreHan China vs. Mauryan/Gupta India Essay1132 Words   |  5 Pagessimilarities and differences in methods of political control in the following empires in the classical period. Han China (206 B.C.E.-220 C.E.) Mauryan/Gupta India (320 B.C.E.-550 C.E.) During the Classical period, Han China and Mauryan/Gupta India developed many methods of political control. Although these empires were located in different geographic regions, they both used social hierarchy, language, bureaucracy, and religion as a means of political control. Many of Classical India’s religiousRead MoreComparative Politics and the Peoples Republic of China1266 Words   |  5 Pagesthere is one regime that stands out to me. The rise of China as one of today’s economic powers is fascinating. When studying China’s political system on the form of comparative politics its best to look pass general questions. One has to study China’s whole system to truly understand its impact on all other nations. China has currently moved ahead of the United States in so many ways. Let’s consider the fact that not even 30 years ago china was considered impoverished country, but today it’s aRead MoreCompare and Contrast: Ancient China a nd Ancient India Essay664 Words   |  3 PagesAncient China and ancient India are both important and interesting ancient civilizations. They are alike and unlike in many ways. Some significant ways in which ancient India and China are similar and different are religion, art, economics, politics, and social structure. Ancient China and ancient India both consider religion to be very important. The main religions of China were Confucianism, Taoism, and Legalism. The central religions in India were Hinduism and Buddhism. Both Ancient China and IndiaRead MoreStratification And Inequality Essay1497 Words   |  6 PagesI focus on examining how class structure and migration patterns contribute to social inequalities and labor market outcomes. Also, I work on the themes of immigration, work and occupations in the United States. I am particularly interested in examining these processes in the urban context. Stratification and Inequality Growing up in China during the economic transformation toward capitalism, my personal experience inspired me to understand the structures, dynamics, and mechanisms thatRead MoreCompare and Contrast Han China and Rome Essay987 Words   |  4 Pagesis also true with the Han and Roman empires. While key differences may be present, their social structures, influencing religions, and causes of collapse unify them. Society cannot exist without a unified social doctrine, as is true with both the Han and Roman empires. While there may be vast differences between them, at their roots is the same thing, a structure built on family. In this family structure, the households are run by the oldest male member. This member was to be given total respectRead MoreSocial And Social Impact On Human Diversity808 Words   |  4 PagesSocial workers must be able to discuss the human behaviors of different groups of people.   The differences of mankind are what is called in social work human diversity. Council on Social Work Education states that human diversity can be grouped in subgroups that consist of age, color, class, culture, disability, ethnicity, gender, gender identity and expression, immigration status, political ideology, race, religion, sex and sexual orientation; (Zastrow Ashman, 2013, p.11). There are social systemsRead MoreA Discussion On The Historiographies Of The Chinese Working Class 882 Words   |  4 Pagesdivergence of China’s communist revolution from its Russian or other Western counterparts where the revolution was waged by urban workers, resulting from the tension between the proletariat and the bourgeois emerging from the capitalist development. In China, however, only the ideological dimension of such revolution stood; while workers, peasants, and soldiers were moved to the top of the class, in practice, the significance and function of workers in relation to the revolution, before or after, was put

How to Communicate Effectively Free Essays

The topics we have discussed this week relates to the video in ways that demonstrate how to communicate effectively and keep the focus of the audience on what the writer or the speaker is talking about. It teaches how to become a talented speaker and how to line up thoughts in the right perspective to gain trustworthiness from the particular audience that is welcomed by the subject chosen to speak about. This video was design to give everyone who watched it an idea of how to motivate himself s a public speaker. We will write a custom essay sample on How to Communicate Effectively or any similar topic only for you Order Now It gives ideas on how to enhance the power of the abilities a public speaker has on influencing people that are listening and it gives inspiration to those who the message touch in a special way. These are things in which we have discussed and relate largely on the speakers’ ability on how well these tips are used to impact the ears of the listener. The most relevant practice in the video to me is the one that provides insight on how to win over the audience. First a speaker must hose a topic that the people want to hear about rather than picking something that appeases him. To get the crowd involved the speaker should ask questions that will allow the audience to think about the message that is being conveyed to produce a desire to continue learning more about the topic. One to attract the audience when publicly speaking is the ability of knowing what to wear to attract the attention of the crowd. I believe that the combination of dress wear and appearance of the speaker plays a major role in acquiring the attention of the audience. My advice about delivering an effective speech begins with attracting your audience. A speaker can capture the audience attention by taking advantage of the audience by giving them what they want. The speaker should do the homework and research needed to provide accurate and dependable information to prove his findings on any given topic he decides to speak about. Accuracy will help influence the listeners and persuade them into hearing the speaker deliver the entire message. How to cite How to Communicate Effectively, Papers How to Communicate Effectively Free Essays Good evening everybody, I hope you enjoy my speech. My topic today is communication. My speech is titled â€Å"How to communicate effectively. We will write a custom essay sample on How to Communicate Effectively or any similar topic only for you Order Now † Because I am a poor communicator, especially to communicate in English. Today my purpose is to hope you all can become effective communicators. Let’s discuss effective communication techniques. Getting your pointacross and letting people know how you feel is very important. Sometimes bad decisions are made and people come to the wrong conclusions because of poor communication. Therefore, good communication can help you succeed in life. Here’s some advice on how to communicate effecively. First, communication is transmitting a message. Communication is a process of sharing information. It’s the exchange of thoughts or ideas. Communication is a powerful tool. It’s getting a message across. It’s also receiving facts or inofrmation. Effective communication skills are essential. Effective communication leads to success. Good communicators are always in high deamand. Why good communicators are in high deamand, because many employers are willing to pay big salaries to good communicators. Second, the key to communication is clarity. We should always make communication clear and direct. We should never be fancy or verbose. Always keep the message simple. Keep it specific and to the point. Keep it very easy to understand. Say only what’s important. Say what’s relevant and practical. Keep your message detailed but brief. Third, the goal of communication is understanding. The message must be understood. The audience must comprehend. To do that , you need to know your audience. You must know your listerner’s background. You must tailor your message and style to suit them. Choose your words carefully. Remember â€Å"less is more. Sometimes, less of something is much better. Remember â€Å"quality is more important than quantity. † Finally, follow these tips to communicate like a pro! Practice every chance you get. Practice is the key to learning. Good communicators repeat the main message to make it more understandable. They reinforce the meaning through repetition. They always ask for feedback to make sure and reconfirm to themselves that they wre understood. They repeat the main idea to make it more understandable. Good communicators also use body language. Every society has a unique physical language. I’s important that you’re aware of this. Most people use nonverval communication. Most of the time it’s subconscious. Good communicators use hand gestures and emotional expressions. They use various speaking tones to get attention. Body language expresses what’s really going on. You can learn a lot about a person. Just observe themany sinals they’re sending you. The arms and legs are a telling source. We must be familiar with basic body language. In conclusion, organize your thoughts before you speak. Think twice before you open your mouth. Always keep the message simple and clear. Say what you mean and mean what you say. Never lie and never mislead anyone. Say it with style, confidence and enthusiasm. Make sure your’re understonnd. Make sure you practice a lot and rehearse. You’ll soon be anefficient communicator. In fact, to say is one thing to do is another. It’s easy to say but uneasy to work. As you know I am a bad communicator, especially in English to commuicate. All of my friends and family member didn’t know what I was saying. All the feedback I have are â€Å"Please say that again. I’m a little confused. Or I hope you can explain it more clearly to me. † How poor I am. That’s why I think good communication is very important. Hope everyone become effective communicators. How to cite How to Communicate Effectively, Papers

Corporate Strategy Report Click Now to Get Free Solution

Question: Describe about a Report on Corporate Strategy Report? Answer: Introduction The branding and marketing strategies of the company have played a key role for Samsungs success. The strategic approach towards the functioning of the business and analyzing the business strengths and weaknesses and external opportunities and gains, Samsung has faced a remarkable growth in the global market. Samsung is now for creating unique and clever products that focuses on engaging and interacting with the users (Samsung India 2016). The company has recognized the power of branding and brand and has set the example for brand value. The corporate strategy of business is not just related to human resource, marketing, finance and operations but the companys strategy is concerned with long term growth maximization by launching the new products and by expanding its business in new markets. The report discusses the companys core competencies and the internal and external analysis of its operations. The report also explores the future development plans for the company and the strategic issues faced by the company and its analysis. Company Background The Samsung Group has created the history with more than 70 years of its operation. Samsung was founded in 1938 and since then it is the leading company in the consumer electronic industry. It is a South Korean MNC which is headquartered at Seoul, South Korea. The company is dedicated in various operations and engaged in number of businesses with the aim to make the better life for the world(Samsung India 2016). The business captured areas of plant construction, skyscrapers, advanced technology and semi-conductor and more (Gonzalez-Padron and Ferguson 2015) Business aims and objectives The aims and objectives of the company are: To develop a strong customer focus to fulfill the needs, wants of present and future of its customer To recognize and develop the powerful and well designed products and services To provide the emotional and functional products to the customers (Pride and Ferrell 2013) It developed the strong philosophy for the designing of the products, so that the products are intuitive, simple, adaptive and efficient Create innovation in the products manufactures and build its brand power(Schawel and Billing 2012) The innovation of products and its design creation that reflects the users life style and interact with them Current Position The Samsung Group is one of the largest IT Company that accounted the growth of revenue up to 80 percent in 2014, with total revenue 206.205 trillion(Tradingeconomics.com, 2016). The assembly plants and sales of Samsung networks in 90 countries and employees around 402,000 people (Samsung India 2016). Internal Analysis Business Corporate Strategy The company strategy focus on the five major aspects- Hardware, the company emphasis on the hardware production and have not developed its own software proprietary data including the movies, games, music, video and more. The software estimates higher profit margins and a long term cycle economy, but Samsung considers the strategy to develop the innovated and designed hardware devices which is more feasible for the company (Pride and Ferrell 2012). Vertical Integration, Samsung has the external supplier of to outsource but the focus of the company is on the internal independent manufacturing operations. Samsung is in practice of investing in the Research and Development and the innovation in production and designing of the product (Samsung India 2016). It invests to make the product relate to each of the customers lifestyle and needs. Digital Innovation in Product, the innovation and designing of Samsung is famous and it keeps on implementing the changes in the technology and has incorporated the digital product innovation from analog. This is the reason for the Samsung products to be on the premium class. The selling of the newly launched product on the high prices at the launch day even if it is fresh in the market diminishes dramatically thereafter(Sampath, Solomon and Vallejo 2012). Production Diversification, Samsung aims at raising its profits margin by selling the high quality of its manufactured products. The use of new technology and designing of the product incorporates the innovation strategy in order to generate the products that fulfill the needs of the customers and produce the user friendly products(Sampath, Solomon and Vallejo 2012). Digital Convergence Strategy, the company focuses on the play role for the products through digital technology. Samsung aims to become the leaders in the digital production era. The digital convergence strategy adopted by Samsung defines the two trends- combination of the several technologies into one network and the combination of several technologies into one major product. The example that can be coated here is Plan OS combined with a cell phone and on the other hand a cell phone that is combined with camera as SPH-i700. Thus by focusing of the strategy of digital technology it will help to lure the network everywhere. SWOT Analysis Strength Focus on sustainable environment Innovation and design Low production costs Wide range of Product Market branding Brand reputation Investment in RD Involves leading partnership in developed countries Weakness Focus on too many products Too low profit margin Pricing tactics Patent infringement Does not Focus on Niche Lack in its own OS and software Opportunity Growing mobile advertising industry Growth of tablets market Obtaining patents through acquisitions Increasing demand in the developing economies Demand for innovation of product Threats Intense Competition- locally and globally South Korea Political Instability Brand Recognition of other competitors Price Sensitive Customers Decreasing demand of the television Launch of Apples iTV Price Wars SWOT ANALYSIS (Source: Rostirolla and Rostirolla 2011) External Analysis PESTEL Analysis PESTEL analysis is the strategic analytical tool that is been used as the evaluation of the external forces on the business and its operations. The PESTEL analysis for Samsung is as follows: Political Factors- The factors associated with political stability of the country, attitude of the government towards the industry and the market lobbying and international pressures comes under the political forces. The political environment where Samsung operates is conducive to operations. In recent time the company has faced the political swings in the home country. Samsung operates as Korean business and has increases the taxes and dues by 11% (Tradingeconomics.com 2016). One of the political factor influenced the corporation is the level of customer taxation and its corporate tax. Another force that influences the company is the political instability due to war break out in Korean Peninsula (Arvand 2012). Though the concern is not much as the company has factored the political instability into its corporate strategy. Economic Factors- The economic factors are very crucial for the company, as Samsung has its operations in various markets in the developed as well as the developing countries to expand its global footprint. Economic stability provides the company with high employment rates and high productivity (Sampath, Solomon and Vallejo 2012). The macroeconomic environment for Samsung to expand globally, it enhanced the research and development operations to analyze various markets and their needs. The consumer electronic markets experience the growth in individual spending that increased the sales (Burns and Bush 2014). This is expected to rise in the next decade due to steady recovery in the economic downturn. The growing economies are great scope for the companys growth of operation. The western economies have popular brand name for the company and on the other hand the growing economies of Asia have the scope of Samsungs expansion of operation (Bosik 2011). Social Factors- Samsung is Korea based organization owned by Chaebol and family of South Korea. The operations of the company are spread globally and hence the local conditions and socio cultural factors are different for different markets. The company tailors its products and services according to the market. The defeat of the local competitors is possible only when the global retailers understands the local needs and strategize efficiently to target the niche (Elliott, Rundle-Thiele and Waller 2012). The key fact for the social forces of influencing the company is the difference of the culture and lifestyle of its customers. Technological Factors- Samsung is the worlds leading information technology and innovation companies. The company has benefited the most by incorporating the innovation in the operational processes and designing by using the power of the technology and driving the sustainability of the business advantage through overall innovation (Arvand 2012). Legal Factors- The diversified markets of the electronic products that offer the tablets and smartphones in the competitive market of retail face fierce competition. The companies have been filing the suits against the imitation of the models and file lawsuits for the patent rights so as to increase the competitive advantage. Samsung faced heavy penalties for the alleged imitation of iPad and iPhones of Apple (Saardchom 2014). The risk taken by the company comes to the legal macro environment and secondly the legal controversies regarding the factory workers and claims by the microchip companies also involve the legal issues for Samsung that influences its brand image. Environmental Factors- There has been a gradual increase in the importance of the environmental sustainability and the companies are regularly scrutinized in regard to the carbon emission, supplier and recycling behavior. Samsungs designing of the products are in accordance with the environmental standards and tries to innovate the technology of operations with eco friendly materials. Like for example- the LED televisions are made without mercury or paint spray and the company has recorded the reduction of 47% in the greenhouse emission through innovation production process (Howlett 2013). Porters Five Forces Model The Porters Five Forces is used as the analytical tool for external analysis that is used for determining the potential elements to increase the profitability of the business in relation to the competitors and customers, suppliers and buyers, and overall industry. The five forces include- Competitive Rivalry, Threat of the Substitutes, Threat of the new entrants, Supplier Power, and Buyer Power. Competitors Rivalry- The rivalry in the industry competitors basically revolves around the price competition. The industry of consumer electronics is at saturation in fact it is oversaturated and the consumers have been spoiled out of various choices for any of the product category. This is the biggest threat for the Samsung as its biggest competitors in the market are Panasonic, Sony, and LG that matches their products with the products offered by Samsung (Martin and Schouten 2012). Threat of Substitutes- The threat of Substitute is relatively high for the company. There has been an increase in the number of the people who use PCs, Laptops, Smartphones or Tablets instead of televisions to access the programs of their choices, or watch television programs on laptops which is more convenient. The company has been diversifying its products that will soon replace the televisions and also working towards evolving the models of televisions more interactive and sophisticated and integrated with the web applications and external devices are recent products launched (Hu, Yao and Qiu 2011). Threat of New Entrants- The market for Samsung is huge and the threat of new entrants in the industry is low for Samsung Electronics. Since there is oversaturation of the industry business and the existing competitors are the established organizations so there is scope of few barriers to new entrants as it will be difficult to achieve the economies of scale (Hungnes 2010). The market is full of reputed and well established brands. Bargaining Power ofBuyers- The consumers bargaining power is one of the highest threat for the company as there are fierce competition in the market industry and the customers have been spoiled with the various products as well as the buyers are overwhelmed with the various promotional schemes and offer messages directed by the company. This ensures the importance of the customer loyalty towards the brand in the retail sector. The fact of customer being price sensitive has lead to oversaturation of these promotional messages so the focus is on the generalized messages (Litan, Wyckoff and Fealing 2012). The company plans to budget and invest time into researching the target audience to gain potential customers and focus on developing and delivering the relevant and appealing messages which increases the customer awareness about the new offers and will in turn boost the profits of the company. Bargaining Power of Suppliers- There is a low threat recorded for the Suppliers bargaining power, as the suppliers fail to negotiate the prices due to the high competition in the market (Levens 2014). The preferred suppliers are competing in order to attract the industry leaders, for the guarantee of constant products Figure 1: Porters Five Forces Analysis (Source: Levens 2014) Strategic Issues: Samsung and Apple It has been observed that for the last three years, Apple and Samsung have been clashed on a severe scale that is almost unpredictable in the business history. Reports have declared that the war in between these two giant companies has cost more than a billion dollars in legal case and have expanded its span in four continents. The war was started with a super secret project that created the iPhone and later on, it was explored that Samsung has been using a similar device, which was no doubt one of the shocking news (Chen and Ann 2014). On 4th August, 2010, the war between Samsung and Apple has been considered as one of the most competitive corporate wars in the history. Since the launch of Samsung S in the Smartphone market, the scenario was becoming complex, as Apple though that it was entirely a piracy. Apple has argued that the phone, the screen, the icons even if the box looked the same as the iPhones. Rubber banding, pinch to zoom are some of the features that were identical with the features of the iPhones (Eichenwald and McCabe 2014). It has been found that the mercurial executive of Apple, Steve Jobs was highly furious, as it took several years to create a breakthrough phone and Samsung had stolen the design along with some important features. Steve Jobs had a talk with Jay Y. Lee in July, as he argued that Samsung had copied Apple iPhone to large extent (Lee 2012). Therefore, it can be easily said that the corporate war between Apple and Samsung was the first a series of ongoing lawsuits regarding the design of the Smartphone and the tablet computers. Reports have stated that these two giant mobile companies sold half of their manufactured products worldwide as on July 2012 (Eichenwald and McCabe 2014). Future Development Strategy Ansoff Matrix Ansoff is the well know analytical matrix that is being used as the marketing tool for analysis the internal environment and provides the opportunity to the company to target the new market or existing market and new product and existing market. The strategy for Samsung is for the business growth and expansion. The company must focus on the market diversification by introducing the existing products in the new developing economies and the introduction of the new products in already developed markets (Kotler and Keller 2012). The strategy is simply to develop the markets of developed and developing economies and also innovating and designing new products for the existing products. Market Penetration Eigen appstore Developing countries for expanding the existing products Product Development Galaxy S5 t.o.v S4 Use of technology and innovation for the new products Market Development Galaxy Tab 5 New products to be developed with use of innovation and designing Diversification Verzekeringen New product- Existing market Existing Product New Market (Source: Hungnes 2010 ) SFA Tool (Suitability, Feasibility and Acceptance) In this part, it is important to discuss about the SFA tool to analyze the future development strategy of Samsung. Just few years ago, Samsung was highly struggling to catch up the Smartphone market, but presently, the company has left Apple back foot and has become the largest technology company in the whole world (Nisen 2016). Sustainability: The Company aims to manufacture those products that gain sustainability in the existing market and targets to design the products likewise to reach the sustainability level. To be present in the end, Samsung seems to more willing as well as able to put their money to use (Park 2014). Feasibility: Samsung targets to produce such products that have the potentiality to fulfill the requirements of the customers. The features of the manufactured products have helped Samsung to achieve the market easily and the company has thus secured the present position in the global smart phone market (Foote and Fox 2009). Acceptance: It has been observed that Samsung is better than anybody is, as it tends to learn from the competitors (Lee 2012). They are the fast followers as they shed a close observation towards the demands of the customers in the market, products brought to the market by other companies, acceptance of the products in the market etc. This characteristic helps the company to stay different from the other companies in the market. After watching the trends in the market, the company rapidly comes up with their own version of innovation (Nisen 2016). Conclusion The strategies of Samsung have been majorly concerned with the hardware designing of the products that use the innovation in technology and designing the user friendly and associated product with the customers. The business units of Samsung have the vision of becoming the most preferred suppliers of the products and services. The methods and corporate strategy used by the company to gain this position and achieve the vision are specific for the specific areas of operation. The use of new technology and designing of the product incorporates the innovation strategy in order to generate the products that fulfill the needs of the customers and produce the user-friendly products. This ensures the importance of the customer loyalty towards the brand in the retail sector. Hence, the market share of the company is likely to expand and achieve target markets. References Arvand, N., 2012. Leveraging Technological Capabilities for Competitive Advantages: Giving Samsung Way a Glance. IOSR Journal of Business and Management, 1(5), pp.31-36.Bosik, D., 2011. Mobile marketing advertising 2012. Mind Commerce Publishing, LLC.Burns, A. and Bush, R., 2014. Marketing research. Boston: Pearson.Chen, C. and Ann, B. (2014). Efficiencies vs. importance-performance analysis for the leading smartphone brands of Apple, Samsung and HTC. Total Quality Management Business Excellence, pp.1-23.Eichenwald, K. and McCabe, S. (2014). The Great Smartphone War: Apple vs. Samsung. [online] Vanity Fair. Available at: https://www.vanityfair.com/news/business/2014/06/apple-samsung-smartphone-patent-war [Accessed 3 Jan. 2016].Elliott, G., Rundle-Thiele, S. and Waller, D., 2012. Marketing. Milton, Qld.: John Wiley and Sons Australia.Foote, R. and Fox, K. (2009). Analytical tools for measuring demand. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Agricultural Marketing Service.Gonzal ez-Padron, T. and Ferguson, J. (2015).Using a Service Audit Project for Improving Student Learning in a Service-Marketing Course. Marketing Education Review, 25(2), pp.99-116.Howlett, R., 2013. Innovation through knowledge transfer 2012. Berlin: Springer.Hu, Y., Yao, L. and Qiu, X., 2011. Situation Analysis about Cold-Chain Logistics in China Based on SWOT Analysis. AMR, 421, pp.644-647.Hungnes, H., 2010. A demand system for input factors when there are technological changes in production. Empir Econ, 40(3), pp.581-600.Kotler, P. and Keller, K., 2012. Marketing management. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Prentice Hall.Lee, J. (2012). A Clash between IT Giants and the Changing Face of International Law: The Samsung vs. Apple Litigation and Its Jurisdictional Implications. JEAIL, 5(1), pp.5-5.Levens, M., 2014. Marketing 2014 + mymarketinglab with pearson etext access code. [Place of publication not identified]: Prentice Hall.Litan, R., Wyckoff, A. and Fealing, K., 2012. Improving measures o f science, technology, and innovation. Washington, D.C.: National Academies Press.Martin, D. and Schouten, J., 2012. Sustainable marketing. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Pearson Prentice Hall.Nisen, M. 2016. Samsung Has A Totally Different Strategy From Apple, And It's Working Great. [online] Business Insider. Available at: https://www.businessinsider.in/Samsung-Has-A-Totally-Different-Strategy-From-Apple-And-Its-Working-Great/articleshow/21250813.cms [Accessed 3 Jan. 2016].Park, S. 2014. Harmonizing Public and Private International Law: Implications of the Apple vs. Samsung IP Litigation. JEAIL, 7(2).Pride, W. and Ferrell, O., 2012. Marketing. Australia: South-Western Cengage Learning.Ren, S., Zhang, M. and Tang, S. (2011).The Effects of Customer Participation on Service Quality, Customer Value and Customer Satisfaction. AMR, 225-226, pp.124-127.Rostirolla, M. and Rostirolla, P., 2011. A Multivariate and Multicriterial Approach for the SWOT Analysis. Journal of Applied Sciences, 11(4), pp.719-724.Saardchom, N., 2014. Design Patent War: Apple versus Samsung. South Asian Journal of Business and Management Cases, 3(2), pp.221-228.Sampath, P., Solomon, A. and Vallejo, B., 2012. Technology and innovation report 2012. New York: United Nations.Samsung India, 2016. Mobile Phones, Televisions, Home Appliances, Cameras, Notebooks - Samsung India. [online] Available at: [Accessed 2 Jan. 2016].Schawel, C. and Billing, F., 2012. Top 100 Management Tools. Wiesbaden: Gabler Verlag.Tradingeconomics.com, 2016. TRADING ECONOMICS | 300.000 INDICATORS FROM 196 COUNTRIES. [online] Available at: [Accessed 2 Jan. 2016].

Become a TA in Graduate School

Become a TA in Graduate School If you are preparing to go to graduate school, you may want to consider becoming a teaching assistant, or TA. An assistantship is a form of financial assistance provided to graduate students. They provide part-time academic employment and the school provides a stipend to the student. Teaching assistants  receive  a paid stipend and/or receive tuition remission (free tuition) in exchange for tasks they perform for a faculty member, the department, or the college. This defrays the cost of their graduate education​ but also means they are working for the college or university and have responsibilities as both a teacher and student. What Does a TA Get? The duties that a TA performs can vary according to schools, departments or what an individual professor needs.  Teaching assistantships provide aid in exchange for teaching activities, such as assisting a professor by conducting lab or study groups, preparing lectures, and grading. Some TAs may teach an entire class. Others simply assist the teacher. Most TAs put in about 20 hours per week.   While the discount or coverage of tuition is nice, a TA is a student at the same time. This means that he or she will have to maintain their own coursework load while providing TA duties. It can be a tough challenge to balance being both a teacher and a student! It can be hard for many TAs to do this, and to remain professional among students that are probably close in age, but the rewards of being a TA can be valued long after graduation. In addition to the financial perks, a TA receives the ability to interact with professors (and students) extensively. Being involved in the academic circuit provides extensive networking opportunities especially if the TA wants to eventually become an academic professional. The TA will have a valuable in for job prospects as they network with other professors. How to Become a Teaching Assistant Because  of the steep tuition discount, or complete tuition reimbursement, TA positions are coveted. Competition can be fierce in order to secure a spot as a teaching assistant. Applicants likely have to go through an extensive selection and interview process. After getting accepted as a teaching assistant, they typically undergo TA training.   If you are hoping to snag a spot as a TA, make sure you know about the application process early. This will help you develop a strong platform and application bid, and meet deadlines necessary to apply on time.   Other Ways to Defray Grad School Costs Being a TA isnt the only that grad students can also earn a tuition stipend. If you are more interested in conducting research as opposed to teaching, your university or college may offer the opportunity to become a research assistant.  Research assistantships pay students to assist a professor with his or her research, similar to the way that TAs help professors with classwork.

Blood Brothers Essay Example

Blood Brothers Essay Example Blood Brothers Paper Blood Brothers Paper Why am I there? , and How do we know each other? I personally created my character by going through situations and circumstances that my character could be presented with and what her reactions would be. What would she do if the archaeologist asked for the Tablet, which character would she confide in? I think all of these techniques helped our group to develop our characters because we could get used to the acting with the suspicion of fate and how it affects the story. From his stimulus I learnt that introducing fate into a story increases the audiences need for answers because there are different views on fate and destiny and whether it is true. We staged our piece of drama in a natural approach however we added a comic twist to keep the drama light. To do this Jacobs character was quite goofy and over exaggerated, he showed this by deepening his voice and walking duck footed. We used a sound collage to add variety to our drama and to build suspense. We used sounds such as eerie whines and blowing winds to create a feeling of a haunted mansion that is spooky. We used physical theatre to actually create the tower that the stone tablet was in. We used this to help the audience visualise the scenery and to recognise that the setting is in a tower. We used chairs t create height in the tower and our bodies made the wall, by arching our hands we could show the dome of the arch. This circle shape tower helped us in our acting because we could use the tight space t our advantage. My character and the duchess trap the archaeologist in the tower; the acting was made more believable because Jacob really was in a confined space. Without a real enclosed space Jacob would have to pretend being trapped which could seem unrealistic. All these techniques contributed towards the effectiveness of the drama. Our second task was to create an alternative beginning to the Blood Brothers script. At first I thought it would be very easy because we had something to work with; however I found it quite challenging because it was hard not to use ideas from the show in London. We wanted to keep parts of it the same to keep the feeling of the show; however we wanted to change some bits to improve it. For example, we wanted Mrs Johnston to face forwards than backwards so the audience can see the emotion in her face when the narrator is telling the story about the two brothers. We also had the chorus run on from upstage left during the song because we felt that the beginning of the song was too emotional and it was not right to have he stage filled with chorus actors because it would spoil the scene being created by the song. The narrator sat at the front of the stage just in front of the fourth wall line to give the audience the feeing that the narrator is also watching the show rather than being in it. He sat very casually with one leg drawn up and the other hanging down over the front of the stage. This gives an impersonal feel and indicates the narrator is not a character in the show. Once he crossed the fourth wall line he entered the story and was no longer watching it, he was in it. In the show Willy Russell staged the narrator standing up and Mrs Johnstone facing backwards, I think this was used by Russell to show that the Narrator is telling the story. The fact that Mrs Johnstone is facing backwards could indicate that she is in denial about something or is ashamed to face forwards. We can interpret the cause of this by the characters and props on stage, for example there were two bodies o stage at the beginning of the show. The audience can link the bodies to the grief of Mrs Johnstone. I felt this was a good stimulus because it showed us that by changing the tinyest detail the scene can take on a whole new meaning. It also made me realise how well thought out the show actually is. Set: The third stimulus was an enactment of the Our Sammy monologue; this helped me to remember what it was like to act like a child and their immaturity. This was helpful because I sometimes forget the minor details that make the acting more believable. We tried to emphasize the line But Im not Im nearly eight! by saying the line as a chorus and increasing the tone of our voice. We did this because the poem is centred on the fact that Mickey wants to do the things that Sammy does. We drew importance to the line by stressing the word not and nearly because they both suggest it is unfair and mean for him to be left out because he is only seven. We felt that this stimulus was effective because it showed the relationship between rival siblings and younger ones idolising older brothers and sisters. As a group, three of us played Mickey and Jacob played Sammy, by using three of us to pay Mickey we could alternate lines and say the line But Im not Im nearly eight! in chorus to emphasize it. We used a louder voice and whined while we said the lie to imitate a child whining at their mother because they feel it is unfair. We used physical theatre to portray the line without arms, or legs or even heads, we decided to use physical theatre to vary the acting in the monologue. By physically removing the arms, legs and head of the woman it can show the immaturity of Sammy and his fascination with drawing nudey women. To create the physical theatre we had to think of ways to safely lift up Bee without hurting her or us as well as her being able to lift her legs up. We decided the best way to lift up Bee was to link our arms under hers and behind her back, that way she could be supported fully and have enough room to bend her legs. We wanted to actually remove her legs because we thought that elaborating the monologue is a childlike thing to do. It also helped the audience to join in with the childrens sense of fun and immaturity. We were also able to do this by exaggerating the spitting movements; to really exaggerate this Jacob pretended to prepare to spit but in a large manor. He pulled his arms back and stuck out his chest as he prepared to spit and threw himself forwards with a lunge when he spat at me. This showed the behaviour you would expect of a small child and by doing this the immaturity of Sammy and Mickey really showed through. The last stimulus was to make three tableaux of the Johnstone and Lyons family, we already knew the general behaviour and activities the two families would do and so we just had to elaborate on that existing knowledge. As a group we decided that we wanted the three scenes to show the same activity between the two families, it would enable us to compare the two families. Our first tableau showed family play time, for the Johnstone the children were playing and fighting outside and Mrs Johnstone was scolding one of the children but not in a serious way. Some children are playing shooting games by using their hands to make toy guns and using imaginative shooting poses such as standing on one leg and shooting underneath their second, this captures the essence of youthfulness and imagination. We decided that Mrs Johnstone wasnt really telling them off because she found their silly games quite amusing; to show this we made Mrs Johnstone stand with her arms crossed and leaning in one hip. This stance showed that in a different situation Mrs Johnstone could be very angry with her children however her facial expression changed the interpretation of the scene. She was smirking slightly in mock anger at her children which shows she is a laid back mother. On the other end of the spectrum there is the Lyons family who are very proper and socially correct their family time is reading books together. We chose this activity because it is deemed socially acceptable as a past time, Mrs Lyons is reading to Edward from the sofa and Mr Lyons is reading the newspaper. We wanted to show Mr Lyons as a professional business man, we did this by him sitting in an armchair with his leg crossed over the top of one another to show masculinity. The second tableau depicted a family meal time and like before the two families are extremely different, the Lyons are eating politely with correct cutlery and civil manners. To show this we arranged the chairs in a neat order and directed the actors to sit with their legs still, their arms tucked by their sides and miming holing their cutlery in the correct fashion. All this helps create the impression of upper class society. The Johnstone family are the complete opposite of the Lyons, we used body positions such as throwing food and talking with their mouth full to show bad manners at the dinner table. We mimed throwing food in an exaggerated form to show the silliness of children. This shows the audience they are uncivilised children whose mother has not raised them properly because of her class. Although this may not be necessarily true we felt that this was the social message that Russell was trying to get across.

Biological Oxygen Transport Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Biological Oxygen Transport - Essay Example The chemical reactions thus require enzymes to speed up their reaction. Most of the enzymes require metallic entities to help them function to their full capacity. Metallic ions like Zinc and Magnesium provide biological enzymes with good acid capability. Thus, the enzymes that are used for acid base reactions use magnesium and zinc at their active centers. In addition, inorganic compounds like sodium and potassium are required by living organism to create a potential difference across cell membrane. Unequal distribution of sodium and potassium ions across cell membrane help initiate an action potential. Hemoglobin is an iron containing oxygen transport metalloprotein that is found in the red blood cells of vertebras (Anthea, Human Biology And Health). Its structure exhibits characteristics of both quaternary and tertiary structures of protein (Kessel, 122 Print). Most amino acids present in the hemoglobin are alpha helices and are joined together by non-helical structures. Hydrogen bonds present in the helical structure stabilize the helical units and give hemoglobin molecule its specific shape (Hemoglobin Tutorial, University of Massachusetts Amherst) The hemoglobin molecule has a protein part globin to which a small iron containing group heme. The heme consists of a charged iron ion that is contained in a heterocyclic ring. This heterocyclic ring is known as porphyrin and it consists of four pyrrole molecules linked together with iron bound in the center (Hemoglobin-School of Chemistry, Bristol University, ). The iron ion is the oxygen-binding site of hemoglobin. The iron ion coo rdinates with four molecules of nitrogen. The iron ion is strongly bound to the protein via imidazole ring of the F8 histidine residue below porphyrin ring. A sixth position bind oxygen reversibly by coordinate bond to complete the octahedral group of six ligands (Wiki Premed,

Law School Open Memo Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Law School Open Memo - Case Study Example robbery committed pursuant to the statute is twenty years, or 240 months. Id. Testimony by Dr. Caffrey reveals that she had knowledge that there was a possibility of forseeing the the robbery committed by Norwich. Additionally, the bank teller has stated that she knew that the "gun" toted by Norwich was actually a toy gun. This memorandum is respectfully submitted to address, the issue of psychologist privilege, and the issue whether Norwich's use of a toy gun (as recognized by the victim, here the bank teller) can be asserted so as to fail prosecution pursuant to 18 U.S.C. 2113 (a). I. Background of The New York State and Federal Rule Pertaining to Privledge. Federal law recognizes a privilege protecting confidential communications between a psychotherapist and his or her patient. Jaffee v. Redmond, 518 U.S. 1, 10 (1996). Although common-law rulings may once have been primary source of new developments in federal privilege law, that is no longer case. Fed.Rules Evid.Rule 501, 28 U.S.C.A. However before determining whether an exception is carved out, the Court will look to the rules of evidence of a particular state, here, New York. Fed.Rules Evid.Rule 501; 28 U.S.C.A. The common law knew no privilege for confidential information imparted to a physician. 8 Wigmore, Evidence 2380-2391 (McNaughton rev. 1961). When a physician raised the question before Lord Mansfield whether he was required to disclose professional confidences, the line was clearly drawn: "If a surgeon was voluntarily to reveal these secrets, to be sure, he would be guilty of a breach of honor and of great indiscretion; but to give that information in a court of justice, which by the law of the land he is bound to do, will never be... 2. Yes, the type of gun and victims knowledge (here the bank teller) that the gun was a water gun is irrelevant because courts have already ruled that toy guns are an intimidating weapon for 18 U.S.C. 2113 (a) purposes. This firm represents Clyde Norwich, a man this firm believes will be charged shortly with bank robbery. Clyde suffers from paranoid schizophrenia and robbed a bank in August of this year. At the time of the robbery, he was under the care of a psychologist who possesses a Phd. in abnormal clinical psychology. The psychologist, Dr. Caffrey, believes that Mr. Norwich ceased taking his medication that regulated his behavior and further admits that Norwich shared his plan to rob the bank with her. Indeed, Mr. Norwich robbed the bank that he had specifically identified during treatment. Norwich is expected to be charged pursuant to 18 U.S.C. 2113 (a). original form was as follows: "No person authorized to practice physic or surgery shall be allowed to disclose any information which he may have acquired in attending any patient, in a professional character, and which information was necessary to enable him to prescribe for such

For an organisation; product; service or brand of your choice you are Essay

For an organisation; product; service or brand of your choice you are required to answer the following three questions - Essay Example It actively supports candidates who draft public policies that are related to the brand and its products. The company has its own political action committee Kraftpac which makes valuable contributions to the US Federal and State political parties and candidates; however all corporate contributions are made as permitted by law (Kraft Foods Group, 2014). The economic downturn has also affected Kraft Food sales; however it quickly launched strategies which helped it to recover from this difficult situation. For instance, it came up with meal solutions through which consumers got make the most of their grocery dollars and get quality food at reasonable rates (Kraft Foods Inc., n.d. [a]). In 2013, the sales of its refrigerated meals, beverages, snack nuts and enhancers increased while the sale of its cheeses decreased slightly (Zacks Equity Research, 2014); however it did miss its target slightly. On social front, Kraft Food is quite active and gives priority to health, well-being and nutrition issues. It has earned a name for itself in fighting obesity on one hand and malnutrition and hunger on the other (Siegert, 2013). It has emerged as a strong oppose of negative lifestyles and also been vocal about food quality and safety. Health maintenance, water purification and unaffordable nutrition are other factors it has been working on. During the anti-obesity drive, the company launched a policy not to target children below 6 years with its advertisements (Siegert, 2013). Better-for-you-products are advertised to children aged between 6 to 11 years. In school advertising has been eliminated and in Europe, the nutrition content is also mentioned on the packages to help consumers adopt a healthy lifestyle (Kraft Foods Inc., n.d. [c]). Kraft Foods has also lowered salt content and fat content from some of its products (Kraft Foods Inc., n.d. [c]). Innovation has always been the hallmark of Kraft Foods. It uses technology to its advantage and has come with

Conflict Analysis Case Study: Nestlé

Conflict Analysis Case Study: Nestlà © Business is a never ending race and in the fast running world of business, there is variety of products and shops, showrooms, setups and etc. The main purpose of this report concerns the research managing conflicts in organization. The organization that is chosen for our research report is Nestlà ©. Data and observation analysis, recommendations for managing conflicts is also discussed. The methods used for collecting data for this report are surveys, questionnaires, personal observations, personal interviews, newspapers, internet etc. In the first section, we had given an introduction about the chosen organization Nestlà © and then a brief description about nature of conflict in the organization and its various types and causes of conflict. The second section is consists of literature review, in which we had discussed the theories and research papers of different researchers where they explain about conflicts and its causes in an organization and moreover how an organization can prevent those conflicts with best possible solution. The third section comprises of research methodology, research nature, data collection techniques and sampling method. In section forth we have scrutinized the primary data by different graphical and statistical tools. In final section we have given possible conclusions along with recommendations. CHAPTER # 1 1.1: INTRODUCTION TO NESTLÉ Nestlà © was founded in 1866 by Henri Nestlà © with headquarters in Vevey, Switzerland. It has employed around 250,000 people and has factories or operations in almost every country in the world. It is one of the worlds biggest food and Beverage Companies. The Companys priority is to bring the best and most relevant products to people, wherever they are, whatever their needs, throughout their lives. 1.2: PURPOSE OF RESEARCH The purpose of the research is to find the variable which has leads towards conflicts in Nestlà © Organization. The main purpose of the research is, firstly, to identify the causes of conflicts in Nestlà © and, secondly, to manage conflicts in Nestlà © organization. 1.3: BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY All of us experience some type of conflicts in our daily lives. Tensions, antagonisms, and frustrations always occur when people work together. There are disagreements, perhaps even fights, between employees and the supervisor or between co-workers. Aside from personality clashes, people simply have different viewpoints about the way things should be done. The main purpose of conducting the research is to find out the conflicts, and finding the ways to manage and solve them in an organisation. In this context we have got the opportunity to conduct our research on one of the top organizations (Nestlà ©). 1.4: DEFINITION OF CONFLICT Conflict is defined as the state of discord caused by perceived or actual opposition of needs, interests and values. A conflict can be internal or external. The concept of conflict can help to explain many social aspects of life such as social disagreement, fights between individuals, groups, or organizations and conflict of interests. Conflict as taught for graduate and professional work in conflict resolution which is defined as when two or more parties, with perceived incompatible goals, seek to undermine each others goal seeking capability. However, conflict can also occur in cooperative situations, in which two or more individuals or parties have consistent goals, because the manner in which individuals or party tries to reach their goal can still undermine the other individuals or party. 1.5: NATURE OF CONFLICT Conflict may constructively be viewed as resulting from differing belief systems, varied perspectives on the situation and values resulting from participants accumulated life experience and conditioning, differing interests and objectives. Effectively dealing with conflict requires the expression and management of participants varying interests, belief systems, perspectives and values. Through the integration of participants perspectives, belief systems, interests and values, conflict and conflict resolution play important roles in individual and social evolution and development. Conflict arises when one or more participants view the current system as not working. At least one party is adequately unhappy with the position, that they are willing to own the conflict and speak with the hope of being able to influence the situation to arrive at an improved condition. Conflict may be sight as a process we put ourselves through to attain a new condition and self definition. Through conflict we have opportunities to be artistically self-defining. If nothing else, conflict allows us in future to do things differently. Through the resolution of conflict, we can evolve and redefine ourselves, our community, our relationships our society and our world. 1.6: LEVELS OF CONFLICT 1.6.1: Inter divisional conflict Inter divisional conflicts exists between the perceiver and another individual within the organization. Although the other person does not need to be aware of the conflict, the perceiver of the conflict situation recognizes the present or future impact conflict can have on job performance. 1.6.2: Intra group conflict Intra group conflicts occur between perceiver and his or her immediate group within the organization. The immediate group can consist of work team, department or union. Whether fully or only superficially aware of the conflict issue, the perceiver realizes that the conflict can directly or indirectly affect job performance. 1.6.3: Inter group conflict It arises between the perceivers immediate group and another group within the organization. Again, the perceivers involvement may not be critical, but he or she must be aware of the situation and the potential impact the conflict can have on work performance. 1.6.4: Organizational conflict Organizational conflict is a state of disagreement caused by the actual or perceived opposition of needs, values and interests between people working together. 1.7: TYPES OF CONFLICT A conceptual conflict can rise into a verbal exchange or result in fighting.Conflict can exist at a variety of types. These are Community conflict Diplomatic conflict Emotional conflict Environmental resources conflict Group conflict Ideological conflict Interpersonal conflict Inter-societal conflict Intrapersonal conflict Organizational conflict Religious-based conflict and Workplace conflict. 1.8: CAUSES OF CONFLICTS 1.8.1: Authority relationship Authority Relationship conflicts occur because of the existence of strong pessimistic emotions, misperceptions or stereotypes, poor communication or miscommunication, or repetitive negative behaviors. Authority relationship problems often increase disputes and lead to an unnecessary rising spiral of destructive conflict. Supporting the secure and balanced expression of perspectives and emotions for acknowledgment (not agreement) is one effective approach to managing relational conflict. 1.8.2: Management style For any organization to be effectual and efficient in achieving its goals, the people in the organization need to have a common vision of what they are determined to achieve, as well as clear objectives for each individual, group/ team and department. Management style also needs ways of recognizing and resolving conflict between people, so that conflict does not become so serious that collaboration becomes impossible. The management of any organization needs to have ways of keeping conflict to a minimum and of solving problems caused by conflict, before conflict becomes a major obstruction to work. Management style helps to avoid conflict where probable and organizing to resolve conflict where it does happen, as rapidly and smoothly as possible. 1.8.3: Communication barriers: Conflict will be greater when barriers to communication exist. If parties are separated from each other physically or by time e.g.; the day shift versus the night shift-the opportunity for conflict is increased. To illustrate suppose a company employs only one plant supervisor, who works the day shift and leaves orders at the beginning of each week for the workers on the night shift. By the end of the week, how ever, these orders have been only partially carried out. The supervisor cannot figure out why. Obviously, the supervisor absence from the night shift has posed a communication barrier, which in turn causes decreased output. As Bryans, P, Cronin argued in 1984 that Space or time separations could promote isolated group interests rather than advance a common effort towards joint goals. 1.8.4: Personal factor 1.8.4.1: Behavioral The way emotional experience gets expressed which can be verbal or non-verbal and intentional or un-intentional. 1.8.4.2: Physiological Its defined as the bodily experience of emotion. The way emotions make us feel in comparison to our identity. 1.8.4.3: Cultural values Culture tells people who are a part of it, Which emotions ought to be expressed in particular situations and what emotions are to be felt. 1.8.4.4: Physical This escalation results from anger or frustration. 1.8.4.5: Verbal This escalation results from negative perceptions of the annoyers character. 1.9: WAYS OF ADRESSING CONFLICTS There are basically five ways of addressing conflicts which were identified by Thomas and Kilman in 1976. These are 1.9.1: Accommodation Ones party surrenders its own needs and wishes to accommodate the other party. 1.9.2: Avoidance Avoid conflict by ignoring it, changing the subject, etc. As an expedient means of dealing with very minor, non-recurring conflicts or Avoidance can be useful as a temporary measure to buy time. In many cases, conflict avoidance involves severing a relationship. 1.9.3: Collaboration Working together can find a mutually beneficial solution. Collaboration can also be inappropriate and time-intensive. When there is not enough respect, trust or communication among participants for collaboration to occur. 1.9.4: Compromise Finding a centre point where each party is partially satisfied. 1.9.5: Competition Take the ones point of view at the potential expense of another. It can be more useful when achieving the ones objectives outweighs ones concern for the relationship CHAPTER # 2 2.1: LITERATURE REVIEW Different researchers have published their reviews on conflicts in the organization. We are viewing two best reviews of the researchers articles. Mr. Philips in 1982 threw light on some of key conditions, which may lead to serious organizational conflicts; he gave his views in the book named as Community in Organization. According to M Phillips certain social relationships characterized various kinds of conflict behavior. Each one could occur in your work area. The more aware the managers are of these conflict settings, the better are the chances of correcting them and running a smooth operation. Mr. Philip identified communication as problem in his research. The causes of conflicts are structural factors, authority relationships, common resources, goal differences interdependence, jurisdictional ambiguities, specialization, status-inconsistencies, personal factors, communication, conflict management style, cultural differences, emotions, perception, personalities, skills and abilities, values and ethics. The researcher found a possible solution; it is obvious that a perfect communication system is unlikely. But also perfectio n like rationality will not be achieved; organizations do have mechanism by which they can attempt the communication system as clear as they can. Philips also suggested that there are such devices available which can reduce the distortion and complications in communication process and suggested that communication recipients should be aware of the biases of the message senders and protect their own counter biases as protection devices. James M Leif John M Penrose in 1997 in the book Business Strategies Skills 5th Edition explained the nature of organizational conflicts identify the causes of conflicts i.e. Structural Factors, Common Resources , Goal Differences , Interdependence ,    Jurisdictional Ambiguities, Inconsistencies ,Personal Factors Communication barriers, Conflict management style ,Cultural differences ,Emotions Perception, Personalities, Skills and abilities, Values and Ethics, Behavioral and Physiological Cognitive. The researchers say that it is possible to avoid conflict by having mechanism such as voting to make decision without the disagreement of consensus. They also find that behavioral regulation fail to match the individual need of employee, conflict is bound to occur. In 1995 B R Siwal in his research Resolution Strategies to Conflict describes that conflict is a necessary and integral part of effective problem solving and realistic discussions. It is core sound of decision making because disagreement is the best vehicle for enlargement the perspective, discovering alternatives, and motivating creative interaction among each member. The effects of disagreement, though, depend on how it is administer by team members. Conflict can be integrative and constructive or it can be distributive and disruptive. When mismanagement occur, conflict can demolish team effectiveness, when handled well it can deeply enhance the quality of team work and make members sense proud of their work in the team. Training in the nature of conflict and the ways of managing it is an imperative need of all the people who participates in problem solving groups, such as those that make up work teams. The negative association of conflicts wants to be dispelled and substitute with more practical conceptions that made the justifiable distinction between disruptive and constructive conflict. When team members see that conflict can be a positive strength in conversation, they are better prepared to take up effective proposal attitudes and behaviors in trouble solving situations. Further more the differences between integrative and distributive conflict can help them learn how their own behavior contributes to the atmosphere of the team which they belong. Davor Dujak in 2008 describes in his research that in every organization conflict encounters on a daily basis. The conflict cannot be avoided but it is probable to mange them in a way that we identify them on time. It is essential to constantly track the organizational signals which position to their existence. If Organization does not respond accordingly, this can lead to the condition that conflict itself manages the organization. One of the more important determinants of productivity, performance and efficiency and finally the job satisfaction is also the conflict as an independent variable of organizational behavior. By systematic research of organizational behavior we want to make a positive influence on the dependents variables, but first we have to realize and get a good approaching to the individual elements of organizational behavior. In 2004 Melanie Lewis describes in her research that if conflict managed poorly or avoided, it can be very costly to an organization. If managed well, conflict presents an opportunity to uncover significance and promote a healthy work place. Many organizations are finding that their conflicts management systems have been good by financial investments, generating a healthy return. In additional they are recognizing the value of many less substantial benefits (lower turnover, increased efficiencies, improved morale and improve public relations). A precise four phased process assessment, design, implementation, operation and evaluation helps organizations design effective conflict management systems to gather the maximum benefit of conflict system. Moreover this four phased approach strongly encourages the team actually to seek to understand and incorporate the needs and interests of all affected constituency, and creates an environment in which the benefits of the system can be effecti vely communicated, implemented and administered. In 2010 De Dreu C.K describes in his research that conflict is a multidimensional with both relationship and task forms. Hence it is expected that if they change the managing type of conflicts, it will plays an important role in organizational performance. While if organization did not manage good, the conflict will plays a negative role. However the researcher discussed only two types of conflicts in his research namely affective and task conflict in order to play better role in organizational performance. After studying the reviews of different researchers our group decided that we will follow the research methodology of M Philip because they dictate information about factors which are important for identifying conflicts and understanding the meaning of conflict and how it influences the organizations internal environment in solving problems. CHAPTER # 3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 3.1: Research type: The type of research that we are conducting is applied research because it is conducted for a particular organization. Applied research is practical applicability of research tools on a particular organizational situation. 3.2: Data collection We will be collecting our data by using two sources which are as follows. 3.2.1: Primary data Our primary data is collected through conducting interviews and designed questionnaires from managers and employees of Nestlà ©. 3.2.2: Secondary data The secondary data is collected from past records of Nestlà © and books along with business articles to support our recommendations and suggestions. 3.3: Sample size During this survey we have taken responses from a Sample size of 30 which is further divided into two groups. We also conducted survey from 10 managers and 20 employees. The sampling type that we used is non random sampling technique because we want to get information from every third employee and manager of Nestlà © organization. Our survey is in questionnaire and interview form, so our questionnaires consist of open ended and close ended questions. We have conducted unstructured interviews, asked from the respondents to get more information. CHAPTER # 4 ANALYSIS 4.0: INTRODUCTION TO DATA ANALYSIS Data analysis is a practice in which the raw data is ordered and organized in order to extract useful information from it. The process of organizing and thinking about data is the key to understand what the data does and does not contain. There are varieties of ways in which people can approach data analysis, and it is infamously easy to manipulate data during the analysis phase to push certain conclusions. There are different methods for analyzing the data for example surveys, charts, frequency tables, graphs and personal observations etc. We have analyzed our data through frequency tables and bar charts. 4.1: FREQUENCY TABLE Frequency table is one of the important concepts in mathematical statistics and a good analyzing tool. A table divided into cells by category with counts for each category in each cell. It is a kind of display of a given data, in which the frequency of each data item is found. The frequency of a data item is the number of times it occurs in the data set. 4.2: BAR GRAPH A graph consisting of parallel, usually vertical bars or rectangles with lengths proportional to the frequency with which specified quantities occur in a set of data. A bar graph is a pictographic version of statistical data in which the independent variable can attain only certain discrete values. The dependent variable may be discrete or continuous. The most common form of bar graph is the vertical bar graph, also called a column graph. This type of display allows us to: Compare groups of data, and To make generalizations about the data quickly. 4.3: ANALYSIS OF QUESTIONNAIRES 4.3.1: FROM MANAGEMENT 1) More than the desired output of the employees make can be harmful to the organization? a) YES b) NO Variables Codes Frequency Yes 01 9 No 02 1 Table: 4.3.1. Graph: 4.3.1.0 2) There is a free flow of communication among the employees: a) YES b) NO Variables Codes Frequency Yes 01 10 No 02 0 Table: 4.3.1.1 Graph: 4.3.1.1 3) Employees are properly informed about decision taken? a) YES b) NO Variables Codes Frequency Yes 01 7 No 02 3 Table: 4.3.1.2 Graph: 4.3.1.2 4) There is a consistency among the management policies: a) YES b) NO Variables Codes Frequency Yes 01 8 No 02 2 Table: 4.3.1.3 Graph: 4.3.1.3 5) Key post should be through:     Ã‚  Ã‚  a)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Direct Appointment  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  b) Promotion Variables Codes Frequency Direct appointment 01 8 Promotion 02 2 Table: 4.3.1.4 Graph: 4.3.1.4 4.3.2: FROM EMPLOYEES 1) From how long have you been working in this organization?   6 months 1 year 3 years Or more than 3 years Variables Codes Frequency 6 months 01 4 1 year 02 2 3 years 03 10 Or more than 3 years 04 4 Table: 4.3.2.0 Graph: 4.3.2.0 2) What kind of boss do you like to work with?   Friendly Competent Leant Difficult Variables Codes Frequency Friendly 01 17 Competent 02 3 Leant 03 0 Difficult 04 0 Table: 4.3.2.1 Graph: 4.3.2.1 3) Which type of leaderships style do you like the most? Autocratic Democratic Variables Codes Frequency Autocratic 01 18 Democratic 02 2 Table: 4.3.2.2 Graph: 4.3.2.2 4) How does your management is doing the evaluation among the employees? Performance base Merit base Variables Codes Frequency Performance base 01 18 Merit base 02 2 Table: 4.3.2.3 Graph: 4.3.2.3 5) Which management level should be responsible for problems between employees? Choose any of the following Top level Middle level Lower level Variables Codes Frequency Top level 01 2 Middle level 02 17 Lower level 03 1 Table: 4.3.2.4 Graph: 4.3.2.4 Q6: How do you communicate the unforeseen problem with your manager or general manager?   Answer: Most of the respondents suggested that they like to meet the general managers directly for any unforeseen events. Q7: Do you think your organization should involve the employees in decision making? And why?   Answer: Most of employees consider that their managers are capable of taking right decisions and there is no need of involving employees. While few of them suggested that it can be a source of new and creative ideas. Q8: What can you suggest for a better management system?   Answer: Most of the employees have no idea about it. Few of them believe that friendly environment and better salaries can improve management system. 4.6: INTER ORGANISATIONAL CONFLICTS OF  NESTLÉ The nature conflicts in Nestlà © found out through the unstructured interviews and through questionnaire with the directors the managers of Nestlà © Peshawar are as follows: The first thing which found, was the lack of training given to the employees, managers said that in the organization, employees always have to work together in groups, and if some one feels that he/she cannot work within the group, then there is some problem with that employee, but at the same time managers said that it is the organizations responsibility to teach the employees how to work together in groups through proper training. They mentioned that without training the organizations might face serious types of irresolvable conflicts, which are definitely not fruitful to the organization. The second main reason mentioned by the manager of the company was the Selection Biases, manager said that selection biases may also lead to conflicts within the company, and these conflicts are normally personal as well. The manager said that if in cases the top management (directors) interferes in the process of hiring the employees, they might select the wrong person for the right job. On the other hand there may be serious conflicts going on between the managers the directors on the issues of authority and responsibility balance. Further if the manager takes big decisions like job confirmation salary decisions then, there may be conflicts, and these must be taken by the top management (directors). The manager of Nestlà © also raised the point of communications problem. They believe that every information must be communicated from their tables. If in any case any employee bypasses the manger, there may be a conflict between them. Manager also said that there is no need of any employee who bypasses the manager to access to the top management (directors). Usually the organizations do have Coordinators who are directly answerable to the top management. He said that the manager will not be able to properly deal with him and conflicts between them will arise. The manager said that young unmarried employees usually indulge in office politics and make conflicts among the employees. According to him only married and experienced persons should be provided with the jobs. Racial problems also create conflicts among the employees. Bad attitude of the manager and arrogant nature of the boss is also one reason of conflicts. The manager said that effective person but highly cooperative person would be proffered in place of an efficient but uncooperative one. The managers presented the following ideas to prevent conflicts: Contractual Jobs Hire fire system. Authority to the managers Some of them had a bit different views. Director held the middle managements capabilities responsible for the conflicts within the organization. He also said that there is no relationship between the authority and reasonability with the conflicts. He proffered the autocratic style of management in the beginning, but it should be shifted to the democratic style in the later portions. Director said that although the centralized system slows down the process of working, but it will also decrease the conflicts between the employees. They said that, if you (Employee) have to be successful in the company, then you have to become a big YES SIR. One of the director also mentioned that horizontal conflicts are more common. Super seeded persons normally indulge in making conflicts. He said that super seeded persons should be terminated in place of super seeding them. Dress code can experience the anger from the employees due to Ethnic affiliations to some dresses. Directors were strongly in favor of Coordinator, they said that a coordinator channels the communication process between the manager and the top management. He also gave the following ideas to prevent the possible conflicts in the organizations: Promotions Clear line of Authority Not more than one employee from same Regional locations and same institutions/Universities. CHAPTER # 5 5.1: CONCLUSION The Organizational Conflicts is itself not a problem, but it is a serious symptom of some factors that are usually ignored while designing the organizational structures. From the literature review, taking samples (convenience) analysis of the data gathered, some factors are identified that usually are the root cause of the conflicts. Some of these are: Ethnicity Personal Jealousy Arrogant behaviors (low temperament) Communication problems Due to the nature of the issue the responses from the top (Directors), middle (Managers) lower management (Employees) were totally contrary with each other. For this purpose structured questionnaires (covering both open ended and close ended questions) and unstructured interviews were conducted. That made the deductions possible by comparing the verbal and non verbal responses, rephrasing the same questions two-three times to check the consistency of the replies. The ethnic issue is the most important. Due to ethnicity no sampled branch has been successful in implementing the dress code yet. Even though, all the respondents favoured it. It is observed that employees belonging to KHYBER PUKHTUNKHWA are very low tempered. Their frequency of jobs switching is higher than others. It proves that they cannot work in teams and work with an arrogant manager. To conclude, who should be held responsible for conflicts, the manager is the key person who channels the communication whether upward or down ward. 5.2: RECOMMENDATIONS The current thinking should be for the maximum utilization of the companys resources and to push the power and decision making authority down the hierarchy of the organization. This can create more power and flexibility within the company as a whole. Good leaders should not have any problem in delegating power and responsibility. Disagreement with the supervisor should be encouraged as long as it leads to productive results. It is critical for the manager to get diverse work force to work well together and respect their differences. Diversity should be encouraged because it can help the organization in future to adapt to the changing global market. All problems can be prevented from happening and/or rectified, if the middle management (Manager) of the company justifies its position. Middle management plays an anchor role. Manager should be able to deal with all the employees who have different cultural backgrounds, personalities priorities. Hiring experienced and matured managers and providing them training could help the case. On job training of the employees. Open house discussions should be there at least one a month. While assigning the groups to the employees for tasks, it must be assured that all the groups are properly matched. REFERENCES http://www.google.com.pk/ B R Siwal http://www.scribd.com/doc/19166679/Conflict-Resolution Jeremy.Cooper.SF.FIN.http://docs.google.com/viewer?a=vq=cache:TvBuLFIn6cIJ:www.asic.gov.au/asic/pdflib.nsf/LookupByFileName/managing_conflicts_of_interest.pdf/%24file Participation Observation Research Method: Analysis Participation Observation Research Method: Analysis Participation Observation Research Participant observation is a method of collecting qualitative data in social research. This method involves the immersion of the researcher in the subject matter so that it can be observed in its natural setting. It involves variable levels of involvement of the researcher on a continuum ranging from passive (observation) to active (participation). The distinction between participation and observation is based on the closeness of the researcher tothe subject matter with observation involving external evaluation and recording of events without the interference of the researcher whilst participation represents an internal view in which the researcher records views from within the group by acting, overtly or covertly, as a member in order to experience the actuality of the events. For example, in Humphreys study of homosexuals, he played an active role by acting as lookout for the police whilst the homosexual encounter occurred in public toilets (Humphreys, 1970). Although Humphreys was observing events and gathering data, he was inside the situation that occurred thus his presence had some impact on events; things would not have occurred exactly as they did had he not been present. Examples of a passive role include researchers who observe things as they happen but with no influence at all on the events that unfold, other than by their mere presence. For example, Patton describes researchers who were recording the reactions ofthe audience to Billy Grahams evangelical preaching (Patton, 2002). Their role was to record events without taking any part in the proceedings, althoughtwo researchers were so influenced by his preaching that they put aside theirnotes and joined the congregation. One of the advantages ofparticipant observation is its ability to facilitate the collection of rich information that is frequently not available from other sources (Babbie, 1995). As such, it can be used to supplement, inform or contradict theorised research and it can greatly enhance the available knowledge on a subject as a result. It can be used either as a preliminary step in a research study by which the researcher observes events as they occur in order to formulate a hypothesis for further investigation or it can be used at a more advanced stage of the research in order to test a hypothesis formed on the basis of theoretical research (Patton, 2002). It is believed to elicit real and genuine information that has not been filtered or amended by the research participants as can occur in relation to interview or questionnaire data and, as such, provides unique insights into the subjective viewpoint of the participants in the study. With observation, participants may not realise that they are being watched so they do not moderate their behaviour in any way thus the data gathered in unadulterated. It also provides richer information than interviews or questionnaires because it can take into account non-verbal interaction and behaviour (Berg, 2003). As such, it can be a valuable methodof researching the influence of structures or events on individuals andgroups. There is also the possibility that unexpected and unanticipated events will occur during the course of the observation hence its value in accessing unique data (Berg, 2003). Equally, even with more active participation from the researcher, the subjects of the research may not realise that they are being observed as it is not uncommon for the researcher to obscure their identity by posing as a member of the group or as someone who would naturally come into contact with them. For example, in studies of the way in which mentally ill patients are treated by psychiatrists and others in the medical profession, researchers were admitted into mental health facilities by posing as patients so that they could experience the reality of life within such an environment, something that would not have been possible had they announced their presence and their purpose (Winstein, 1982). As this example demonstrates, participant observation can be a way to access information from those who might be reluctant to give interviews or who would present apolicy-driven view of the subject (Bogdan, 1972). Sometimes, the only way to get around such obstacles is to gain surreptitiou s access to the environment in order to experience directly what is happening (Spradley, 1997). There are limitations to this research method. It can be time-consuming, both in terms of the actual observations and in preparing and analysing the large amount of resultant data. This may make it a less cost-effective means of conducting research (Jorgenson, 1993). A second limitation is that it tends to involve the observation of only a few examples of a particular subject, behaviour or event thus there is a limit to the extent to which the findings are amenable to generalisation (Spradley, 1997). A further criticism that can be levelled against participant observation is that it is inherently subjective as it notonly focuses on a single (or limited number) of particular observations butthat the recording of the resultant data is subject to the interpretation of the researcher (Jorgenson, 1993). Accordingly, there is a possibility of conscious or unconscious bias which is inconsistent with its appearance, particularly in relation to observation rather than participation, of an obj ective and scientific research method. This criticism is furthered in relation to participation because the researcher plays some kind of role inevents that unfold thus is not a mere passive recipient of information but issomeone who contributes to the shape and content of the resultant data (Spradley, 1993). The final criticism of participant observation that needs to be addressed is particularly pertinent to participation by the research andthat is issues of deception of the research subjects and the ethical issuesthat therefore arise. This was demonstrated in Humphreys research with homosexuals as he posed as a member of their community thus accessing data thatwould not have been available without this deception. The practice ofdeception on research subjects is one that needs to be considered carefully when weighing the balance of the strengths and limitations of this research method (Spradley, 1993). Word Count: 1000 Words Bibliography Ackroyd, D. and Hughes, J(1992) Data Collection in Context, 2nd ed., Harlow: Longman Babbie, E (1995) ThePractice of Social Research, Belmont: Wardsworth Berg, BL (2003) QualitativeResearch Methods for the Social Sciences, 5th ed., Harlow: Allyn Bacon Black, T (2002) Understanding Social Research, London: Sage Bogden, R (1972) ParticipantObservation in Institutional Settings, Syracuse: Syracuse University Press Bryman, A (1988) Quantityand Quality in Social Research, Oxford: Routledge Giddens, A (2002) Sociology,4th ed., Cambridge: Polity Press Haralombos, M, Heald, R andHolburn, M (2000) Sociology: Themes and Perspectives, 5thed., London: Harper Collins Humphreys, L (1970) Tea-roomTrade, London: Duckworth Jorgenson, D (1993) ParticipantObservation: a Methodology for Human Studies, Thousand Oaks: SagePublications Patton, MQ (2002) QualitativeResearch and Evaluation Methods, 3rd ed., London: Sage Punch, KF (2001) Introductionto Social Research, London: Sage Sarantokos, S (1998) Social Research, 2nd ed., London: Sage Spradley, JP (1997) ParticipantObservation, New York: Holt Rinehart Winston Winstein, RM (1982) The MentalHospital from the Patients Point of View in WR Gove (Ed) Deviance andMental Illness, Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications

The Economics of the South and the Civil War Essay -- U.S. History

Introduction Most people believe the Civil War was fought only over slavery and for abolition. Because of the speech Abraham Lincoln gave â€Å"The emancipation Proclamation,† it looks like the Civil War was a war about the morals of the nation. A war could not be stopped from happening once the Compromise of 1850 happened. The South was frantic to keep slavery going. Their whole economy was bases around the economics of slavery. The North did not realize that there was more than freeing the slaves to do with the war. The economics of the south was free labor caused by slavery. The black slave was a God sent for the Southern states in that it allowed them to make a great profit off their crops. William Freehling said, â€Å"Posterity thinks of slavery as the South’s leading economic interest† (239). The Northern states were against slavery but they did not realize what it would do to the South when slavery is abolished. â€Å"The Southern economy, however, was buil t on the labor of the African-American slave, who were oppressed into providing cheap labor.† (History Central, web) This paper will allow us to look at the complete economics side of slavery and what effect it would have on them. History of Slaveries start in the South The Dutch West India Company was commissioned â€Å"to supply the colonist with as many Blacks as they conveniently can.† (Morison 75) When the South started to be developed in 1625 when The Virginian Company said, â€Å"Any Englishmen who agrees to take out at least 250 people at his own expense was allowed to choose †¦ 1250 acres or more† (Morison 54) This is how the Plymouth Colony was started. These men were not blue-collar workers, for they had money and position. They did not want to work with their... ...nd the North blockaded the Southern ports the south was doomed. They needed money to live and pay for the war and without being able to export their only cash crop they could not keep going. Their whole economy was about slavery and the great economics it creates for the owners, and for the Southern States. Works Cited Allen, J. Michael Allen & James B. World History from 1500. New York: Harper Collins Publishers, 1993, Print. Freehling, William W. The Road to Disunion, Volumn II. Vol. II. New York: Oxford university Press, 2007, print. History Central. "Economics of the Civil war." 2008. History Central. Web 23 April 2011. Morison, Samuel Eliot. The Oxford History of the American People. New York: Oxford University Press, 1965, print. Readers Digest. The Story of America. New York: Readers Digest Assoc., 1975, Print.